Early Warning Signs of Ovarian Cancer You Must Know
Ovarian cancer, often referred to as the “silent killer,” typically progresses silently without apparent symptoms until it has advanced to an advanced stage. However, your body does provide subtle signals. The crucial aspect is recognizing these signals and taking prompt action.
According to the American Cancer Society, ovarian cancer ranks fifth in cancer deaths among women, but early detection dramatically improves survival rates. If caught in the earliest stages, the 5-year survival rate can be over 90%.
Dr. Shannon Westin, a gynecologic oncologist at MD Anderson Cancer Center, emphasizes the significance of education and awareness in addressing the issue of women overlooking or dismissing early symptoms like bloating and pelvic discomfort.
What Is Ovarian Cancer?
Ovarian cancer originates in the ovaries, a part of the female reproductive system responsible for producing eggs and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. There are various types of ovarian cancer, but epithelial ovarian cancer is the most prevalent.
Unfortunately, it’s often diagnosed after it has spread to the pelvis or abdomen, which makes it harder to treat. That’s why understanding early signs is vital.
7 Early Warning Signs of Ovarian Cancer
Though they may seem vague, these symptoms are considered early warning signs when they occur frequently (more than 12 times a month) and persist over several weeks.
1. Persistent Bloating
If your belly feels unusually full or swollen frequently, especially when not related to your diet or menstruation, it could be a cause for concern.
2. Pelvic or Abdominal Pain
Ongoing cramps or pressure in the lower abdomen or pelvis, not linked to your period, deserve medical attention.
3. Changes in Appetite or Early Satiety
Feeling full quickly when eating or a loss of appetite could signal ovarian tumors affecting nearby organs.
4. Increased Urgency or Frequency of Urination
Needing to pee more often without an increase in fluid intake can indicate pressure on the bladder from a growing mass.
5. Unexplained Fatigue
Extreme tiredness, especially when persistent and not linked to lifestyle changes or sleep issues, can be an early sign.
6. Changes in Bowel Habits
Constipation, diarrhea, or a change in stool consistency without dietary reasons can be a subtle symptom.
7. Unexplained Weight Loss
Losing weight rapidly without trying could be linked to many conditions, including ovarian cancer.
Dr. Barbara Goff, a leading ovarian cancer researcher at the University of Washington, emphasizes the significance of recognizing patterns in symptoms. If these symptoms are new, persistent, and worsening, they should not be overlooked.
What the Research Says
A study published in the journal Cancer revealed that an astonishing 89% of women diagnosed with early-stage ovarian cancer reported experiencing symptoms months before their diagnosis. These symptoms were often misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), urinary tract infections (UTIs), or even menopause.
The CDC also acknowledges the challenge of diagnosing ovarian cancer early and emphasizes the significance of being aware of symptoms and scheduling regular checkups.
CDC: What Are the Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer?
Who’s at Higher Risk?
Certain risk factors increase the chances of developing ovarian cancer:
- Family history of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer
- BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations
- Postmenopausal age
- Endometriosis
- Never having been pregnant
Women with risk factors should talk to their doctor about genetic testing and early screening options, even if they have no symptoms.
How to Take Action
Here’s what every woman can do starting today:
1. Track Your Symptoms
Keep a daily symptom diary—note bloating, pain, appetite changes, and more. If patterns emerge, share them with your doctor.
2. Know Your Family History
Ask relatives about their health history and share this information with your healthcare provider.
3. Get Regular Checkups
While there’s no standard screening for ovarian cancer, routine pelvic exams and open conversations with your OB-GYN can help.
4. Consider Genetic Testing
If you have a strong family history of cancer, talk to a genetic counselor about testing for BRCA mutations.
Listen to Your Body
Ovarian cancer doesn’t have to be a silent killer. Your body is communicating, and it’s time we all learned how to listen. Don’t dismiss persistent bloating or unusual fatigue as “just stress” or “getting older.” Early detection can save lives.
Dr. Westin explains that women are often taught to endure pain or ignore it. However, when it comes to ovarian cancer, it’s crucial to trust your instincts and advocate for yourself.
If something feels off, don’t hesitate. Schedule an appointment and ask questions. Your vigilance could save your life or the life of someone you love.
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